Hydrocarbon-burner.



L. GARDNER.

'HYDROCARBON BURNER. APPLICATION FILED nc.24.1915.

1,240,333. PatentedSept. 18,1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l- L. GARDNER.

HYDROCARBON BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED 050.24. 1915.

1 ,Q4Q333. Patented Sept. 18, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

I 1 i i I i I g I I g LEE GARDNER, OF CONCORD, NORTH CAROLINA, ASSIGNOR OF FORTY-IFIVE ONE- HUNIDREDTHS TO JOSEPH F. CANNON, GOWAN DUSENBERY, AND MORRISON H. CALDWELL, ALL OF CONCORD, NORTH. CAROLINA.

i-rynnoonnron-nnnnna.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patentgdsept. 18 1917.

Application filed December 24, 1915. Serial No. 68,558.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, LEE GARDNER, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Concord, in the county of Cabarrus and State of North Carolina, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydrocarbon-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates 'to hydrocarbon burners,-and more particularly to .liquid fuel burners of that type in which a water reservoir is associated with the burner.

The primary object is to provide an im proved construction of burner in which the flame from the burning fuel is caused to impinge upon the ,surface'of thefwater in such reservoir, enter. into the water, and convert the same into vapor, the latter uniting with the burning fuel and producing an intensely hot flame;

Other objects of the invention are to provide improved devices for governing and controlling the character of the flame produced by the burner, and for adapting it to various uses.

- In order that the invention may be clearly understood, referenceis had to the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure l is a vertical section through my 7 improved burner, showing one form of flame modlfying devlce used 1n connection there- Fig. 4 is avertical section through a modifled formfof chimney, and illustrates improved means for controlling the supply of air to the flame'inside of such chimney; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary plan view of one of] the flame controlling devices shown in Fig.4;

-Fig. 6 is' a fragmentary elevation of another one of said devices; and,

' Figs. 7 ,8, and 9 are fragmentary details showing my improved draft controlling device;

' 'Fig. 10 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 1, showing my preferred construction. Referring to the drawings 1n detall, and

more particularly toFigs. 1, 2, and 3, my

of relatively small perforations 6, for the admission of air.

Inside of the drum 1 is secured an annular wall 7 of slightly smaller diameter than the drum, whereby an annular space or trough 8 is formed between such wall and the outer wall of the drum. It will be notedthat the wall 7 extends to a point slightly above the lowermost of the perforations 6, and that it forms a chamber or basin in which the water stands at the same level as in the outer pan 1. Liquid fuel is fed into the annular space 8 through a pipe 9, in which is interposed any suitable form of regulating valve 10.

A second drum 11, preferably somewhat tapering in form, is disposed inside of the drum 4: and extends slightly above the same. This drum 11 is supported, as by means of clips 11 at a. distance above the annular wall 7 so that a space 14: is provided between the upper edge of the wall 7 and the lower edge of the drum 11. This drum 11 is provided near its bottom with a series of relatively large perforations or openings 12.

Instead ofmaking the drums 7 and 11 of equal size, as shown in Fig. 1, I may and preferably do make these drums as shown in Fig. 10. By reference to this figure, it will be seen that the lower edge of drum 11 is considerably smaller than the upper edge 14: through which the flame passes, as hereinafter described.

In order to get the proper draft, with the arrangement of parts shown, a chimney 20 of suitable'h'eight is provided and is supported upon an annular ring 19, which snugly surrounds the upper end of the drum 11 and fits over the upper edge of the drum i of drum 7, thus forming a horizontal space opening (not shown), the drums become fins.

. forced .to pass. I

closed top, fits over the opening 22 and is a suitable bracket 16 resting upon the bottom of the sauna. The upper baliie plate 17 is preferably the larger, as shown, and substantially fills the upper end of the drum 11. The baflieplates 15 and 17 are similar in construction and,as will be' seen by reference to Fig. 2, each comprises a central portion surrounded by a series of blades or These blades are set at an angle after the manner of a windmill, with the result that a column of gas passing upwardly therewith is given a whirling or rotary motion. I

The liquid "fuel in the trough 8,, having been ignited through a suitable lighting filled with flame. Owing to the draft of the chimney, convergmg ets or currents of and there is also a tendency for air to flow inwardly through the space let in Fig. 1,.

or the space 1st in Fig. 10. As a result of these air currents, the flame is caused to curl downwardly over the edge of the wall 7 of the water basin, and to impinge upon the surface. of the water-contained in such basin. This is particularly true in the arrangement shown in Fig. 10, in which the flame is directed downwardlythrough the horizontal opening 1%. The water isfthus soon heated to the boiling point and the vapors,,mixing with the oil gas, pass up wardly with the flame through the baflle plates and chimney, uniting with the burning fuel and producing an intensely hot flame. Considerable water is consumed from the inner basin, but the level is maintained on account of the opening 5 in the bottom. I have found that with some arrangements of flame controlling devices, and under certain conditions, equal quantities of water and oil are used.

In Fig. 3, I have shown my improved burner without a chimney, and I have found "that itcan be'successfully operated in this 0 condition. 7 Here, however, I employ a flame condenser'21, which isin the-nature of a plate resting upon the top of the d'rum 11, I and provided with a relatively small central through which the flame is A small drum 23, with at opening provided with perforations 24 in its sides through which the flame issues. A ring 25, having perforations 26, 18 also preferably This means "arranged.

Fig; 1.

"used in this combination, the same being and supported by spaced from the drum 23 the plate 21, as shown. 7 p

In Fig. at, I have shown a somewhat different form of chimney and flame controlling'devices. The entire apparatus illustrated in Fig. a is adapted to rest directly upon theapparatus shown in Fig. 3,-if'desired, andwill give good results when so Theapparatus shown in Fig. 1 comprises a plate 27, adapted to rest upon the ring 25. This plate has a relatively large opening at its center, the edges of such opening being formed by a series of tongues or vanes 28, which are flared upwardly and given a twist, as clearlyi'shown in the draw- Restm'g upon the plate '27 and surmgs. rounding the flaring wanes 28 is a ring 29, the lower edge of which is cutto form a plurality of tongues 29 the ends ofwhich are also flared outwardly.

Resting upon the" ring 29 is plate combination 15, "16, 17, shown in bur-rounding these bafiie plates and rings is a chimney' O, which is supported by the plate 27. The lowerpart of thechimney 30 is provided with a series of'opemngsor windows 31', preferablyof rhombic" form,

as shown in Fig. 7. Surrounding the chimney at this point is a band 32 provided with a series of similarly'shaped openings and capable'of sliding around the chimney 30,

so. as to cause such openings to register to a greater orless extent, and in this way serving to control the amount of air adm tted to the Cl11Inlly,' The openings in the band 32 arep'referably cut on three sides only, thus leaving metallic tongues 83, se-

travel in a more or less tangential direction. Tlns tends to produce a whirling jmotlon augmented by the flaringftongues 2S and 29 and by the[angular-1ydisposed blades 180f theta-Hie plates 15 and 17.

' While I have shown certain flame modifying and {controlling devices, it will be understood that I am in nojway limited to the specific arrangement shown, as many other devices can be successfully employed 1n connect on with myimproved burner.

the bafile inside of thechimney, which tendency is WVhile 'I have shown the burner and drums as be ng clrcular, and have' re'ferred p tothe fuel trough 8 as annular',it will be understood that these devices may berec-L .tangular, ellipticahor of other configuration without in anyway de ti g from:

the spirit of the invention; 7 H

Any of the well known liquidffuels,"such as gasolene, kerosene, or crude oirmayte successfully employed in my improved burner, but when the heavier oils are used, it is necessary to introduce a small quantity of gasolene or the like into the fuel trough at starting.

What I claim is:

1. A liquid fuel burner comprising a water basin, a fuel trough surrounding said water basin, and means for causing the flame from the burning fuel in said trough to curve downwardly over the edge of said basin, and impinge upon the surface of the water contained therein.

2. A liquid fuel burner comprising an annular fuel trough, a water pan in which said trough is supported so that the trough is surrounded by water on both sides, and means for causing the flame from the burning fuel in said trough to impinge upon, enter into and vaporize the water on the inside of said annular trough.

3. A liquid fuel burner comprising a vertically disposed drum, an annular fuel trough extending around the inside of said drum near its bottom, and a water basin inside of and surrounded by said fuel trough, the upper part of said drum being perforated, and means for drawing air through these perforations and for causing the flame from the burning fuel to curl down over the edge of said trough and impinge upon the water in said basin.

l. A liquid fuel burner comprising an annular fuel trough, a combustion chamber comprising a drum supported by and spaced from the inner upper edge of said trough, and means for causing the flame from the burning fuel in said trough to be drawn inwardly and downwardly through the space between said trough and drum.

5. A liquid fuel burner comprising an annular fuel trough, a combustion chamber comprising a separate drum of .frustoconical shape, having its lower edge supported by and spaced from the inner upper edge of said trough so as to provide an annular Copies of this patent may be obtained for slot, and means for causing flame from the burning fuel to flow inwardly through this slot, said drum having a series of openings around its lower portion above said slot adapted to direct jets of air into such flame.

6. A liquid fuel burner comprising a vertical drum, an annular fuel trough disposed around the inside of the lower portion of said drum, means for supplying water to the basin formed inside of said fuel trough, a second drum supported by and spaced from the upper edge of said trough, and means for producing a draft so as to cause the flame from the burning fuel in said trough to be drawn into said second drum through the space between such drum and fuel trough, and to curl downwardly and impinge against the surface of the water in said basin.

7. A liquid fuel burner having an annular fuel trough, a combustion chamber comprising an open top drum spaced from the upper edge of said fuel trough, means for causing the flame from the burning fuel in said trough to be drawn inwardly through the space between said trough and drum, and thence upwardly through said drum,

' and a baflie plate having angularly disposed blades between which the gases pass as they flow upwardly from said fuel trough.

8. A liquid fuel burner comprising a fuel trough, a combustion chamber adjacent the same, a chimney having openings above the combustion chamber for admitting air, v

and a circumferentially movable band havmg a series of openlngs adapted to register with said openings formed in the chimney,

the said band having an outwardly flaring tongue at the one side of each opening therein, whereby the incoming air jets are directed tangentially.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

. LEE, GARDNER.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

